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Pacific B usiness R eview (International)

A Refereed Monthly International Journal of Management Indexed With Web of Science(ESCI)
ISSN: 0974-438X(P)
Impact factor (SJIF):8.603
RNI No.:RAJENG/2016/70346
Postal Reg. No.: RJ/UD/29-136/2017-2019
Editorial Board

Prof. B. P. Sharma
(Principal Editor in Chief)

Prof. Dipin Mathur
(Consultative Editor)

Dr. Khushbu Agarwal
(Editor in Chief)

A Refereed Monthly International Journal of Management

Choice of Firms’ Location: Insights from Industrial Growth Centre Lassipora

 

 

 

 

Ajaz Ahmad Ganaie

Research Scholar

Punjab School of Economics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar

Email: ajazganaie430@gmail.com

 

Dr Anjali Mehra

 Assistant Professor

School of Social Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar

Email: anjalieco@gmail.com

 

Jinny Sharma

Research Scholar

Punjab School of Economics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar

Email: jsharma_8919@yahoo.com


 

Choice of Firms’ Location: Insights from Industrial Growth Centre Lassipora

 


Abstract

Where to locate is one of the most important decisions that an entrepreneur faces during his entrepreneurial activities. It is one of the major influences for nascent entrepreneurs, as the benefit of concentration affects the profitability of new ventures. The present study focuses on the factors which encouraged entrepreneurs towards Industrial Growth Centre Lassipora. For this primary data were taken. Primary data was collected from 180 entrepreneurs who set up their business at Industrial Growth Centre lassipora through a well-structured questionnaire. The results showed that through Henry Garrett ranking technique entrepreneurs choose availability of infrastructure as a major factor which encouraged the entrepreneurs towards Industrial Growth Centre Lassipora followed by concentration of units, assured and cheap electricity, availability of manpower, availability of raw material, availability of incentives and subsidies from government, native place, transportation facilities, single-window clearance system, nearness to the market, telecommunication, banking and postal services and miscellaneous factors.

Key Words: Industrial Growth Centre, Lassipora, Location, Henry Garrett Ranking

JEL Codes: L9, L26, M13, R58

 


Introduction

The spatial locale of industries has consistently intrigued policymakers worldwide. In the present conditions, location is one of the critical issues which impact the efficiency of a firm. It is one of the major influences for nascent entrepreneurs, as the benefits of concentration affect the profitability of new ventures. There are numerous elements which impact location, like availability and accessibility of infrastructure facilities, like assured power, improve good transport, skilled manpower, technology, nearness to the market, easy provision of capital, government policy, provisions and schemes. The Industrial Growth Centre (hereafter abbreviated as IGC) scheme was announced by the government of India in 1988, for encouraging industrialization of backward regions of the country. An Industrial Growth Centre is an independent geographical region, which has top-notch infrastructure facilities and which houses business of industrial nature. IGC with well-developed road network, huge parcels of land, continuous power supply and it is proximately to various related ventures makes it very attractive for new firms to set up their units.  IGCs are explicit regions zoned for industrial activity in which infrastructure facilities and services are provided by the government but factory accommodation is constructed by entrepreneurs by himself or her.

The union territory of Jammu and Kashmir (earlier the state of Jammu and Kashmir) was allotted two   IGCs of which one is located at Lassipora in the district of Pulwama which has around 230plus units. The present study is an attempt to explore the factors which encouraged entrepreneurs in setting up their units at Lassipora. It has been divided into five sections including the present one. Section II while explains the IGC Scheme. Section III profiles IGC Lassipora, Section IV is devoted to highlighting the pertinent reasons which attracted entrepreneurs to IGC Lassipora and section V concludes and provides policy implications.

Methodology

          For the achievement of objectives primary as well as secondary data have been used for the study. Primary data has been collected through a well-structured questionnaire from 180 units operating in IGC Lassipora and secondary data from District Industries Centre (DIC) Pulwama, Department for Promotion of Industries and Internal Trade (DPIIT) Ministry of Commerce & Industry, Government of India. In order to highlight the factors which encouraged entrepreneurs in setting up the units at IGC Lassipora Garret Ranking Technique were used.

 Results and Discussions

Section II:  Industrial Growth Centre Scheme

The Government of India announced the IGC scheme in June 1988 with the following objectives

Ø  To promote the industrialization of backward areas in the country.

Ø  To minimize regional imbalances.

Ø  To develop entrepreneurs within the states

Ø  To give infrastructure facilities to the entrepreneurs and promote industrial growth.

The Scheme is Centrally sponsored, working under the aegis of Department for Promotion of Industries and Internal Trade (DPIIT) Ministry of Commerce and Industry.  Under the Scheme, each Growth Centre is given funding of Rs 30 crore of which the Union government contributes 33.33 percent i.e.  Rs 10 crore, and the 10 crores are contributed through market borrowings while 5 crores (16.66 percent) each is a contribution of financial institutions /banks and respective state governments.

Table: 1 Funding Pattern of Industrial Growth centre

Components

Funding amount

Percentage

Central Government

10 crore

33%

Market Borrowings

10 crore

33%

Financial Institutions/Banks

5 crore

17%

 State Government

5 crore

17%

Total

30 crore

100%

Source: Development Commissioner (MSME)Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises, Govt. of India

 

Each growth centre is provided with best infrastructure facilities like water, electricity, telecommunication, sufficient land, proximity to the railway station or national or state highways or ports. Though both the IGC scheme and Industrial Estate Programme seem to be similar there is an underlying major difference. IGC is one where the infrastructure facilities and services are provided by the government, but factory accommodation is constructed by entrepreneurs. In an Industrial estate, both infrastructural facilities and factory accommodation are provided by the sponsoring authority. In 1988, initially, 68 IGC were set up all over the years the number has gone up to seventy-one, with maximum being allotted to UttarPradesh (7), followed by Bihar(5), Maharashtra(5), Rajasthan(5), Madhya Pradesh(5), Andra Pradesh(3), Assam(3),Gujarat(3), Karnataka(3). The earlier state of Jammu and Kashmir was allotted two IGCs one at Lassipora in Pulwama district and another at Samba in Jammu division.

Table: 2State-Wise Distributions of Industrial Growth Centres (2018)

States /Union Territory

No of IGCs

States /Territory

No of IGCs

Andra  Pradesh

3

Manipur

1

Arunachal Pradesh

1

Meghalaya

1

Assam

3

Mizoram

1

Bihar

5

Nagaland

1

Chhattisgarh

2

Odisha

4

Goa

1

Pondicherry

1

Gujarat

3

Punjab

2

Haryana

2

Rajasthan

5

Himachal Pradesh

1

Sikkim

1

Jammu and Kashmir

2

Tamil Nadu

3

Jharkhand

1

Telangana

1

Karnataka

3

Tripura

1

Kerala

2

Uttar Pradesh

7

Madhya Pradesh

4

Uttarakhand

1

Maharashtra

5

West Bengal

3

Total

38

Total

33

Source: Department for Promotion of Industries and Internal Trade (DPIIT), Ministry of Commerce & Industry, Government of India

 

Section III Industrial Growth Centre Lassipora

 

The erstwhile state of Jammu and Kashmir was allotted two IGCs one at Lassipora and another one at Samba.

Table: 3 Snapshot of Industrial Growth Centre Lassipora

Establishment (Year)

1988

Total Land acquired

774.12(Acres)

Functional Units

209

 Closed Units

21

Under Execution Units

286

Total No of Units

516

Source: District Industries Centre, Pulwama

 

Table 3 gives a snapshot of the IGC Lassipora. Established up at 1988, IGC Lassipora is located in an area of 774.12 acres which was procured from the six neighbouring villages of Pulwama and Shopian districts namely Armulla, Gund Achan, Nowpora Balla, Pettipora, Tantray pora and Turke Wangam. The procured land comprised of proprietorship as well as pasture land. 516 units have been commissioned at IGC Lassipora of which 209 are operational, 286 are under execution at various stages and 21 units have shut down over the time period.

Three different approaches have been applied for classification of the units set up at IGC Lassipora like classification in terms of specialization, classification in terms of National Industrial Classification 2008 and classification in terms of Investment pattern. The classification in term of specialization of the firms  can be classified into three categories of which the maximum number of units 194 (84 percent) are involved in manufacturing of final products; twenty-three units (10 percent) are involved in manufacturing of semi-finished products and another thirteen units (6 percent) are service providers they are providing services like packing, sorting/grading, ripeness, storage of fruits as well as assessing the internal and external quality of fruits

 

Table: 4 Classification of Units at IGC Lassipora according to specialization

Specialization

No of Units

Manufacture of Final Product

194(84)

Manufacture of Semi-Finished Product

23(10)

Service  Provider Units

13(6)

Total

230(100)

Source: District Industries Centre, Pulwama

 

 

 

Table 5: Classification of Units at IGC Lassipora according to National Industrial Classification (NIC) 2008

Section

Division

No. of Units

Group

No of Units

Class

No of Units

Sub Class

No of Units

 

 

 

 

 

C:Manufacturing

 

 

 

 

 

10:Manufacture

of Food Products

 

 

 

 

 

39

(16.95)

101

02

1010

02

10104

02

103

17

1030

17

10302

02

10304

06

10309

09

104

03

1040

03

10409

03

105

05

1050

05

10501

05

106

03

1061

03

10611

03

107

05

1071

02

10711

02

1079

03

10795

03

108

04

1080

04

10801

02

10802

02

C:Manufacturing

11:Manufacture of  Beverages

02

(0.86)

110

02

1104

02

11041

01

11043

01

 

C:Manufacturing

13: Manufacture of Textiles

 

12

(5.21)

131

04

1312

04

13122

01

13123

03

139

08

1392

06

13924

06

1393

02

13939

02

C:Manufacturing

14: Manufacture of Wearing Apparel

01

(0.43)

141

01

1410

01

14101

01

C:Manufacturing

15:Manufacture of Leather and Related Products

05

(2.17)

151

05

1511

04

15112

04

1512

01

15121

01

C:Manufacturing

16: Manufacture of Wood and of Products of Wood and Cork, Except Furniture; Manufacture of Articles of Straw and Plaiting Materials

20

(8.69)

161

10

1610

10

16109

10

162

10

1621

10

16211

10

 

C:Manufacturing

17: Manufacture of Paper and Paper Products

27

(11.73)

170

27

1702

22

17022

21

17023

01

1709

05

17092

01

17099

04

 

C:Manufacturing

20: Manufacture of Chemicals and Chemical Products

05

(2.17)

201

01

2011

01

20111

01

 

202

 

04

2021

01

20211

01

2023

02

20231

02

2029

01

20293

01

C:Manufacturing

21:Manufacture of Pharmaceuticals, Medicinal Chemical and Botanical Products

04

(1.73)

210

04

2100

04

21001

03

21006

01

 

C:Manufacturing

22: Manufacture of Rubber and Plastic Products

26

(11.30)

 

222

26

2220

26

22201

10

22203

03

22208

12

22209

01

 

C:Manufacturing

23: Manufacture of Other Non- Metallic Mineral Products

 

30

(13.04)

 

 

239

 

30

2394

03

23949

03

2395

26

23952

22

23954

04

2396

01

23960

01

 

C:Manufacturing

24: Manufacture of Basic Metals

 

08

(3.47)

241

04

2410

04

24107

01

24109

03

242

03

2420

03

24201

02

24202

01

243

01

2431

01

24311

01

 

C:Manufacturing

25: Manufacture of Fabricated Metal Products, Except Machinery and Equipment

 

24

(10.43)

251

23

2511

23

25111

16

25112

04

25119

03

259

01

2599

01

25991

01

 

C:Manufacturing

27: Manufacture of Electric Equipment

 

07

(3.04)

271

05

2710

05

27102

05

273

01

2732

01

27320

01

275

01

2750

01

27504

01

C:Manufacturing

31:Manafacture of Furniture

04

(1.73)

310

04

3100

04

31001

04

Section E: Water Supply; Sewerage; Waste Management and Remediation Activities

38:Waste Collection, Treatment and Disposal Activities; Materials Recovery

 

03

(1.30)

 

381

 

03

3811

02

38110

02

3812

01

38120

01

Section H: Transport and Storage

52:Warehousing and Support Activities for Transportation

13

(5.65)

521

13

5210

13

52101

13

                     Total

230

(100)

 

230

 

230

 

230

Source: NIC 2008, Central Statistical Organization, Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation Government of India, New Delhi

 

Table 5, attempts to classify the 230 firms on the basis of National Industrial Classification (NIC) 2008. Under this classification the line of activity of the units has been divided into three sections namely Section C (Manufacturing), Section E: (Water Supply; Sewerage; Waste Management and Remediation Activities) and Section H: (Transport and Storage). It was observed that the maximum number of 214 units (94.5 percent) belong to section C (Manufacturing). Out of the214units, thirty-nine were manufacturers of food products like processing and preserving of fruits and vegetables, dairy products, grain mill products, bakery products and manufacture of prepared animal feeds. Twelve were the manufacture of textiles like the weaving of silk and silk mixture fabrics, wool and wool mixture fabrics, finishing of wool and blended wool textiles, other floor covering n.e.c, bedding, quilts pillows, sleeping bags etc. Five were the manufacture of leather and related products, like tanning and dressing of leather; and dyeing of fur. Twenty were the manufacture of wood and products of wood and cork, except furniture; manufacture of articles of straw and plaiting materials, like sawmilling and planing of wood, plywood and veneer sheets and other plywood products n.e.c. Twenty-seven were of manufacture of paper and paper products like corrugated paper board containers, cardboard boxes, paper cups, saucers, plates and other paper products n.e.c. Twenty-six were the manufacture of rubber and plastic products like semi-finished of plastic products, plastic articles for the packing of goods and polymer/synthetic/PVC water storage tanks. Thirty were the manufacture of other non- metallic mineral products like articles of concrete, cement or artificial stone (tiles, bricks etc) and R.C.C. bricks and blocks. Twenty-four were the manufacturer of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment, products like doors, windows and their frames, shutters, and rolling shutters, gates and similar articles used on buildings. Under section E (Water supply, sewerage, waste management and remedial activities)it was observed that only three units were engaged in the collection of non- hazardous waste, treatment and disposal of non – hazardous waste. It was observed that undersection H (warehousing and support activities for transportation) thirteen units were engaged in warehousing of refrigerated (cold storage). In addition to this, there are around 286 firms which are at different stages in the processing of setting up.

Table: 6 Investment Wise classification of units at IGC Lassipora

Year

Size

Units  

Employment

 Total

Investment

Year

Size

Units

Employment

Total

Investment

1993 To 2005

Micro

02

20

92.03

 2012

Micro

08

89

180.92

Small

01

15

46.94

Small

02

15

172

Medium

-

-

-

Medium

-

-

-

Large

-

-

-

Large

01

95

3718

 

 

2006

Micro

05

41

85.77

 

 

2013

Micro

12

146

285.92

Small

-

-

-

Small

09

127

2244.41

Medium

-

-

-

Medium

-

-

-

Large

-

-

-

Large

-

-

-

 

 

2007

Micro

05

59

75.18

 

 

2014

Micro

10

90

303.54

Small

-

-

-

Small

18

259

3744.25

Medium

01

20

168

Medium

-

-

-

Large

-

-

-

Large

01

15

2653

 

 

2008

Micro

05

77

140.91

 

 

2015

Micro

18

155

443.76

Small

01

31

186.77

Small

16

189

2066.3

Medium

01

14

300

Medium

-

-

-

Large

-

-

-

Large

05

210

15214

 

 

2009

Micro

03

24

96

 

 

2016

Micro

10

53

321.96

Small

07

84

903.9

Small

18

173

1801.31

Medium

-

-

-

Medium

-

-

-

Large

-

-

-

Large

02

62

8934

 

 

2010

Micro

02

25

71

 

 

2017

Micro

29

344

917.69

Small

03

40

399

Small

21

262

2237.24

Medium

-

-

-

Medium

-

-

-

Large

-

-

-

Large

03

93

6957

 

 

2011

Micro

08

59

156.5

 

 

Total

Micro

117

(51)

1182

(40)

3171.18

(6)

Small

03

90

1577.42

Small

99

(43)

1285

(43)

15379.54(27)

Medium

-

-

-

Medium

02

(1)

34

(1)

468

(1)

Large

-

-

-

Large

12

(5)

475

(16)

37476

(66)

                                                                                    Grand Total

230

2976

56494.72

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Source: District Industries Centre Pulwama, Jammu and Kashmir

Note: Units in Numbers, Employment in Numbers and Investment in Lakhs

 

Table 6gives the chronological setting up of firms classified according to fixed investment in micro, small, medium and large units as per the (MSME Act 2006).  Since the year 1993, most of the units set up either in micro or small scale.  Though Lassipora was allotted IGC in 1988, the first unit was set up in 1993which is engaged in the tanning of leather with an investment of Rs 46.94 lakhs and providing employment to fifteen workers. From 1993 to 2005 there were only three units setup at IGC Lassipora providing employment to thirty-five workers with an investment of Rs 138.97 lakhs. From 2006 to 2010 there was a gradual increase in the number of units. In the year 2010, there was a decline in the pace of setting up as only five units were set up with an investment of Rs 470. This may be due to the agitation in the Kashmir valley in 2010 in which 120 protestors killed by security forces (Bukhari, 2010).From 2011 to 2015 the number of units increases from five to 111 with the employment of 1,539 workers and investment of Rs 32,760.02 lakhs. In the year 2016, there was again decline due to the volatile environment. This was the year when Burhan Wani was shot by security personnel resulting in total closure of Kashmir valley for 100 days. This adversely affects the investment climate (Yaseen, 2016).

Post-2016,with gradual improvement in the number of units being set up again, increases from thirty units in 2016 to fifty-three units in 2017 with an employment of 288 to 699 workers and investment of Rs 11,057.27 lakhs to Rs 72.731.93 lakhs.At, present we have 230 units registered in IGC Lassipora out of these 230 units 117 are in micro scale with an employment of 1182 workers and investment of Rs 3171.18 lakhs, ninety-nine are in small scale with an employment of 1285 workers and investment of Rs 15379.54 lakhs, two are in medium-scale with an employment of thirty-four workers and investment of Rs 468 lakhs and twelve units are in large scale with an employment of 475 workers and investment of Rs 37476 lakhs.

 

Section III Factors Affecting the Decision of Entrepreneurs to Locate at IGC Lassipora

 

In order to pinpoint the factors which attracted entrepreneurs to Lassipora a well-structured questionnaire was prepared and administrate to all the entrepreneurs having units there. The survey was carried during the months of January and February 2018.It was observed that 209 which were operational and twenty-one units were found to be locked and other twenty-nine units were those from where the response was not forthcoming. Thus only 180 entrepreneurs agreed and thus the questionnaire was administrated to them and the data was collected and tabulated. Garrett Ranking technique was applied to rank the factors which attracted the entrepreneurs in the following manner. The respondents were asked to rank twelve major factors. These ranks were then changed into score values using the following formulae.

Percent position = 100(Rij-0.50) Nj

where

Rij = Rank given for the ith variable by the jth respondent

 Nj = Number of variable ranked by the jth respondent

The percent positions assessed were then changed to scores with the help of Garrett table. For each factor, the scores of individual were added and then total value and mean value of scores was calculated. From it, the factor having the highest mean score was considered the most important factor. The results of Garrett ranking are given in Table no 7, 8and 9.

 

 Table 7: Percent Position and Garrett Value

S. No

100(Rij – 0.5) Nj

Calculated Value

Garrett

 Value

S. No

100(Rij – 0.5) Nj

Calculated Value

Garrett

Value

1

100(1 - 0.5)/ 12

4.16

84

7

100(7 – 0.5)/ 12

54.16

48

2

100(2 – 0.5)/ 12

12.5

73

8

100(8 – 0.5)/ 12

62.5

44

3

100(3 – 0.5)/ 12

20.83

67

9

100(9 – 0.5)/ 12

70.83

40

4

100(4 – 0.5)/ 12

29.16

61

10

100(10 – 0.5)/ 12

79.16

34

5

100(5 – 0.5)/ 12

37.5

57

11

  100(10 – 0.5) /12

87.5

28

6

100(6 – 0.5)/ 12

45.83

53

12

  100(10 -0.5) / 12

95.83

17

 

 

 

Table: 8 Ranking of Factors by Entrepreneurs at IGC Lassipora

S. No

Factors

               Rank rendered by the respondents

 

 I

II

 III

 IV

 V

VI

VII

VIII

IX

X

 

XI

 

XII

Total

F1

Availability of Infrastructure

16

31

26

21

12

20

2

6

11

12

15

8

180

F2

Availability of Raw Material

19

13

17

18

19

8

12

16

16

22

14

6

180

F3

Availability of Manpower

24

18

19

18

19

9

10

9

10

9

12

23

180

F4

Availability of Incentives and Subsidies from Government

17

21

16

17

9

12

15

10

18

10

20

15

180

F5

Cheap and Assured Electricity

26

24

15

30

7

11

3

2

20

15

17

10

180

F6

Concentration of  Units

15

19

13

17

10

16

15

12

12

20

15

16

180

F7

Nearness to the  Market

18

11

9

15

16

6

21

17

11

10

25

21

180

F8

Native Place

14

13

14

10

13

25

14

21

17

14

16

9

180

F9

Single Window Clearance System

3

9

10

8

25

24

34

19

17

26

2

3

180

F10

Transportation Facilities

15

14

26

10

15

30

10

16

25

16

2

1

180

F11

Telecommunication ,Banking and Postal Services

8

4

9

9

21

10

25

23

13

12

15

31

180

F12

Miscellaneous Factors

5

3

6

7

14

9

19

29

10

14

27

37

180

Source: Based on Field Survey


 

Table: 8 Calculations of Garret Score and Ranking

S.

No

    Ranks

   I

   II

 III

  IV

  V

VI

VII

VIII

 IX

  X

XI

XII

T.S

 

A.S

R

    Scale Score

84

73

67

61

57

53

48

44

40

34

28

17

 

 

 

F1

Availability of Infrastructure

f

16

31

26

21

12

20

2

6

11

12

15

8

10138

 

56.32

 

1

fx

1344

2263

1742

1281

684

1060

96

264

440

408

420

136

F2

Availability of Raw Material

f

19

13

17

18

19

8

12

16

16

22

14

6

9451

52.51

 

5

fx

1596

949

1139

1098

1083

424

576

704

640

748

392

102

F3

Availability of Manpower

f

24

18

19

18

19

9

10

9

10

9

12

23

9570

53.17

 

4

fx

2016

1314

1273

1098

1083

477

480

396

400

306

336

391

F4

Availability of Incentives and Subsidies from Government

f

17

21

16

17

9

12

15

10

18

10

20

15

9254

51.41

 

6

fx

1428

1533

1072

1037

513

636

720

440

720

340

560

255

F5

Cheap and Assured Electricity

f

26

24

15

30

7

11

3

2

20

15

17

10

9605

53.36

 

3

fx

2184

1752

1005

1830

63

583

144

88

800

510

476

170

F6

Concentration of  Units

f

15

14

26

10

15

30

10

16

25

16

2

1

9880

54.89

 

2

fx

1260

1022

1742

610

855

1590

480

704

1000

544

56

17

F7

Nearness to the  Market

f

18

11

9

15

16

6

21

17

11

10

25

21

8656

48.09

 

10

fx

1512

803

603

915

912

318

1008

748

440

340

700

357

F8

Native Place

f

14

13

14

10

13

25

14

21

17

14

16

9

9092

50.51

 

7

fx

1176

949

938

610

741

1325

672

924

680

476

448

153

F9

Single Window Clearance System

f

3

9

10

8

25

24

34

19

17

26

2

3

8903

49.46

 

9

fx

252

657

670

488

1425

1272

1632

836

680

884

56

51

F10

Transportation Facilities

f

15

19

13

17

10

16

15

12

12

20

15

16

9073

50.41

 

8

fx

1260

1387

871

1037

570

848

720

528

480

680

420

272

F11

Telecommunication ,Banking and Postal Services

f

8

4

9

9

21

10

25

23

13

12

15

31

8457

46.98

 

11

fx

672

292

603

549

1197

530

1200

1012

520

408

420

527

F12

Miscellaneous Factors

f

5

3

6

7

14

9

19

29

10

14

27

37

7192

39.96

 

12

fx

420

219

402

427

798

477

912

1276

400

476

756

629

Note:X= Scale Value, f= Number of Respondents, fx=Score, TS=Total Score, AS= Average Score and R= Rank


The Table 9 reflects that “availability of infrastructure” was ranked at the top with a total score of 56.32, “Concentration of Units” was ranked as number two with a total score of 54.89, “cheap and assured electricity” was ranked as number three with a total score of 53.36, “availability of manpower” was ranked as number fourth with a total score of 53.17, “availability of raw material” was ranked as number fifth with a total score of 52.51,“availability of incentives and subsidies from government” was ranked as number sixth with a total score of 51.41, “native place” was ranked as number seventh with a total score of 50.51, “transportation facilities” was ranked as number eighth with a total score of 49.46, “single window clearance system” was ranked as number ninth with a total score of 48.09, “nearness to the market” was ranked as number tenth with a total score of 46.98, “telecommunication, banking and postal services” was ranked as number eleventh with a total score of 46.98, and “ miscellaneous factors” was ranked as twelfth with a total score of 39.96.

Conclusions

It is very clear from the above discussion that IGC Lassipora has been able to attract  230 units engaged in diverse activities such as manufacture of food products, manufacture of beverages, manufacture of textiles, manufacture of leather and related products, manufacture of wood and products of wood, manufacture of paper and paper products, manufacture of rubber and plastic products, manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment etc with an investment of Rs 56494.72 lakhs and is providing direct employment to 2976 persons. The survey conducted revealed that out of these twelve factors availability of infrastructure got first rank and concentration of units got the second rank, cheap and assured electricity got the third rank but miscellaneous factors were assigned the bottom rank. Due to these factors, the nascent entrepreneurs prefer this IGC Lassipora while taking the scenario of district Pulwama in terms of volatility and ensuing tensions particular to this area has resulted in registering Pulwama as “land of Conflict” in the public memory. Now, district Pulwama particularly Lassipora is famous all over the country due to this IGC. IGC Lassipora an identity of district Pulwama boosting the economic activity of the district. IGC Lassipora will become the best model Industrial Growth Centre of Jammu and Kashmir in times to come. It has resulted in registering Pulwama as “land of Industrial Hub” in the public memory.

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